Shakespearean coinage

From Shakespeare’s Word & Phrases

In all of his work – the plays, the sonnets and the narrative poems – Shakespeare uses 17,677 words. Of those 1,700 were first used by Shakespeare. Writers often invent words, either by creating new forms of existing words or coining new words outright, because they are unable to find the exact word they require in the existing language. Shakespeare is the foremost of those. He was by far the most important individual influence on the development of the modern English that we speak today.

Look at this short list of words that we use in our daily speech and ask yourself if you could pass through a day without needing to use at least ten of them. There are many more and you use them without knowing that they were given to you by England’s national writer…

The list includes accommodation, aerial, amazement, apostrophe, castigate, dislocate, dwindle, frugal, generous and inauspicious…

Imagine being Shakespeare’s English teacher…

Later… Quentin asks: “So did Will S actually invent those words, I wonder, or were they in fairly common usage and his is simply the first written record we have?”

Don’t know. But I know a man who does… Stay tuned.

Xerox Enters Search Market

From TechCrunch

Xerox announced its entry into the search market this week with FactSpotter, document search software that is claimed to go beyond conventional keyword search.

FactSpotter is text mining software that combines a linguistic engine that allows users to make queries in everyday language. FactSpotter looks for the keywords contained in a query along with the context those words have.

According to Xerox, FactSpotter is capable of combing through almost any document regardless of the language, location, format or type; take advantage of the way humans think, speak and ask questions; and discriminate the results highlighting just a handful of relevant answers instead of returning thousands of unrelated responses…

Sounds interesting. But…

FactSpotter will not be coming to a browser near anyone, anytime shortly. Xerox plans to launch FactSpotter next year as part of the paid Xerox Litigation Service platform and has no plans for a wider or public release.

Social class and social networking

Ah — just as I thought. BBC News reports that:

Fans of MySpace and Facebook are divided by much more than which music they like, suggests a study.

A six-month research project has revealed a sharp division along class lines among the American teenagers flocking to the social network sites.

The research suggests those using Facebook come from wealthier homes and are more likely to attend college.

By contrast, MySpace users tend to get a job after finishing high school rather than continue their education…

Climbing walls about to become easier

Phew! As someone who often feels like climbing walls (e.g. when listening to Tony Blair or George Bush), I am relieved to learn of this new development

Researchers have developed a carbon-nanotube-based tape that could prove useful for creating robots that climb walls and special adhesive gloves for astronauts. Unlike ordinary tape, which eventually loses its stickiness, this new material sticks like a permanent glue, but it can be removed and reused. It can also stick to a wider variety of materials, including glass and Teflon.

Dubbed “gecko tape” by researchers, the material works by imitating the nano- and microscale structures on geckos’ feet that allow them to quickly scale walls and run across ceilings. The tape is reusable and will not dry up or slide off the wall because, unlike ordinary tape, it does not use viscoelastic glues. Instead, it employs carbon nanotubes to make use of microscale van der Waals forces that occur at very short ranges between surfaces. Bundles of nanotubes conform to the slightest microscopic variations on a surface, the same way that the bundles of nanoscopic keratin fibers that make up the hairs on gecko feet allow them to conform to walls.

Like ordinary tape, gecko tape clings strongly when pulled parallel to a surface; it can support just under 10 pounds per square centimeter. But the tape can be peeled off relatively easily when pulled perpendicular to a surface.

Elliott Erwitt’s portfolio

This is just lovely — a Flash portfolio from Magnum of Elliott Erwitt’s personal best. Make some coffee, draw up a chair and marvel at his wonderful photographic instinct.

There’s a nice profile of him by Rose George here.

Erwitt has a reputation for quietness. A journalist once wanted to write 12,000 words on the man, and a fellow photographer said, “In all the years I’ve spoken to him, Elliott hasn’t spoken 12,000 words.” Actually, he speaks easily. He smiles and twinkles. He is one of the few people who can treat an interview as a conversation. […] “Photography is very simple,” he says. “People make it so technical, so complicated, to disguise the fact. They overcompensate.”

The Magnum show contains a few really memorable quotes. For example:

You don’t study photography — you just do it.

And,

Dogs are people with more hair.

(Erwitt is the greatest living photographer of dogs — and their owners — IMHO. His technique: “I bark; they jump”.)

Rose George’s profile has some nice stories. Sample:

Not that he won’t supply the funny anecdotes of a 50-year veteran: The Shah of Iran wore platform heels (“You could tell from the pant creases”). Che Guevara was good-looking but not charming, Marilyn Monroe the opposite. One notorious image – the “kitchen debate” of Richard Nixon and Nikita Kruschev arguing at a Westinghouse exhibit – almost didn’t happen because he was laughing too hard: Kruschev told Nixon to “Go screw my grandmother” in Russian, which the child of Boris and Evgenia understood perfectly.

I’ve always wondered what Kruschev was saying in that exchange. Nixon was presumably lecturing the Soviet boss on the superiority of American refrigeration technology. Elliott’s anecdote confirms that the truth is usually more amusing than the official version. For example, as a kid I was addicted to the Lone Ranger who — older readers will remember — had a faithful Indian companion called Tonto. Whenever the (White Anglo-Saxon) Ranger spoke to Tonto, he replied “Kemo Sabay” which — in my innocence — I assumed to be the Native American equivalent of “Yes, Boss”. But one day I ran into a guy who claimed to be an expert on native American languages and swore that “Kemo Sabay” actually meant “Horseshit”.

Many thanks to Brian for the link.

Later… Harry Metcalfe writes:

“Khrushchev certainly wouldn’t have involved himself in the insult to “MY” grandmother, it must have been “YOUR” grandmother: as the French have it on record ” …et ta soeur”.

I bow to his superior expertise.

OS X statistics

Steve Jobs let slip some interesting data in his Keynote to the WWDC 07 conference. It is that 90 per cent of the 20 million Mac users in the world are on the current (Tiger) or last-but-one (Panther) version of OS X. He claimed that this was unique in the history of the PC industry. Wonder what the corresponding breakdown for Windows is…

Is this the start of a Tory collapse?

Nice piece by Michael Portillo.

I had concluded, when I left politics, that the Tories were ungovernable and had a death wish. But Cameron is clever and charismatic; I believed he could succeed where I had failed, especially since even the Conservatives might learn something after three landslide defeats.

Now I am not so sure. Cameron has wobbled. Unless he regains control of his party at once, the project will be lost. It would be much better for him to press on even at the risk of being deposed than to settle into the leadership agony of Hague and Howard.

I have always doubted that the Conservatives could win the next election. Now the question in my mind is different: can the Tories ever win again?

Will Murdoch lose face(book)?

This morning’s Observer column

Facebook is growing so rapidly that Rupert Murdoch, proprietor of MySpace, is concerned. MySpace, you see, is really a site for young persons – which is why its average personal page has the visual and aesthetic appeal of a teenager’s bedroom floor. But most teenagers eventually grow up, and presumably learn how to tidy their bedrooms, so the $1.6bn question is: where will they go when they tire of MySpace? The disturbing thought that has occurred to Murdoch is that they might go to Facebook…

WiFi: Record Range Now 382 KM

From O’Reilly Radar

The record for point-2-point WiFi transmission is now 382 kilometers (pdf). The transmission was made from Platillon to Aguila in Venezuela. This news comes to us via The Foundation Latin American School of Networks website.

The researchers behind the project used the WRT54 Linksys router in their experiment. If they are able to make long distance connectivity work in a stable manner and are able to keep the equipment cheap this could make a huge difference in connecting emerging markets.

This could be relevant to Ndiyo.