Friday 26 December, 2025

Xmas a la Edward Hopper

(Courtesy of Alex Tabarrok)


Quote of the Day

“The biggest blind spot of economics is the economy.”

  • Dan Davies

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

Bach | Christmas Oratorio

Link

Wonderful music for this time of year. It’s an hour and a half long, but worth it if you have the time. If not, at least stay with Part 1 which lasts for 26 minutes. Part 21 starts at 00:26; Part 3 at 00:54 and Part 4 at 01:18

One of my long-term dream projects is a road-trip through Germany, ending at the Thomaskirche, Bach’s church, in Leipzig.

Elizabeth Braw has a nice essay about the Oratorio in Engelsberg Ideas.


Long Read of the Day

How the media made Nick Fuentes

My Observer column of 12 December:

Fuentes is an equal-opportunity dog-whistler, so much so that many social media platforms have excluded him (but YouTube has had no qualms about hosting America First). His big break came in 2024, when Elon Musk let him back on X, where he now has more than 1 million followers.

Given the number of rightwing fanatics on X, you’d have thought that just adding one more might not be such a big deal. Big mistake. Fuentes is suddenly ubiquitous in American political discourse. He started popping up in the New York Times, the Atlantic, Politico and other respectable outlets. He has also spawned a large group of followers called “groypers”, after a cartoon amphibian named Groyper, which is a variant of the internet meme Pepe the Frog. Groyper is depicted as a rotund, green, frog-like creature, often sitting with its chin resting on interlocked fingers…

Read on

PDF version here


My commonplace booklet

Fame at last!

I had an email from a friend asking if I knew that I was now an exhibit in the British Library. He sent this pic as evidence. I was puzzled. But then I zoomed in and understood.


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Wednesday 24 December, 2025

Come in!!


Quote of the Day

“The secret of survival is a defective imagination. The inability of mortals to imagine things as they truly are is what allows them to live, since one momentary, unresisted glimpse of the world’s totality of suffering would annihilate them on the spot.”

  • John Banville, in his novel The Infinities

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

Handel | I Know that my Redeemer Liveth | Messiah

Link


Long Read of the Day

You Can Look It Up: A threnody for the dictionary

Lovely essay in Commentary by Joseph Epstein.

If you love dictionaries (and who doesn’t?) then this is for you. And Joseph Epstein writes beautifully. Here is is, for example, on Kory Stamper to for 20 years was an Associate Editor at Merriam-Webster.

Kory Stamper’s Word by Word, published in 2017, is an account of how dictionaries are made. Ms. Stamper went to work for Merriam-Webster in 1998, and remained there for nearly 20 years, 10 of them as an associate editor. Merriam-Webster, she informs us, requires no qualification for becoming a lexicographer apart from a college degree and English being one’s first language. But she makes plain that without a love of language, one really isn’t fit for, or likely to last long in, the job. She qualified on this count, too.

Ms. Stamper doesn’t hold with the distinction between prescriptivist and descriptive, at least when it comes to the making of dictionaries. “We don’t just enter the good stuff,” she notes. “We enter the bad and ugly stuff, too. We are just observers, and the goal is to describe, as accurately as possible, as much of the language as we can.” She views Standard English as another dialect, one of many, and writes:

”We think of English as a fortress to be defended, but a better analogy is to think of English as a child. We love and nurture it into being, and once it gains gross motor skills, it starts going exactly where we don’t want it to go; it heads straight for the goddamned electrical sockets. We dress it in fancy clothes and tell it to behave, and it comes home with its underwear on its head and wearing someone else’s socks. As English grows, it lives its own life, and this is right and healthy… . But we can never really be the boss of it. And that’s why it flourishes.”

Lovely stuff.

Footnote. A threnody, according to Merriam-Webster, is “a song of lamentation for the dead”.


My commonplace booklet

My childhood memories of Christmas are not terribly fond ones, perhaps because my parents weren’t very good at celebrations. But the memory of one particular Christmas Eve remains vivid. I was six or seven years old. We were living in rural Ireland, a country which, in the 1950s, was not unlike rural Poland before the Berlin Wall came down — poor, backward and priest-ridden. One Christmas my parents decided that we would spend the festival at her parents’ home in Mayo, a long way from where we lived in Kerry. They were relatively wealthy, had a large house and a lively household of aunts and uncles, so it was an exciting prospect for me and my siblings.

Since Da’s job required him be in his office in the morning, it was relatively late in the afternoon before all of us — parents, three children and a dog — were ready to squeeze into our Morris Minor and set off to drive northwards as night fell. Soon, we were travelling in total darkness on almost deserted roads. I remember snuggling down under a rug, entranced by the fact that the only light came from the speedometer that constituted the vehicle’s instrument panel and imagining that my father, silhouetted in that faint glow, was the pilot of a plane flying into the darkness of space.

But the memory that most stood out (and remains) was the way that every rural dwelling that we passed in that enveloping darkness had a single lighted candle in its window.

Now, there’s a threnody for you.


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Monday 22 December, 2025

Trump in a nutshell

Lovely New Yorker cover.


Quote of the Day

“While generative AI can do amazing things, it is also perhaps the most wasteful use of a computer ever devised. If you do 1+1 on a calculator, that’s one calculation. If you do 1+1 in generative AI, that is potentially a trillion calculations to get an answer. That consumes a huge amount of chip capacity and electricity.”

  • Andy Wu

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

Still, Still, Still | Bryn Terfel

Link

A lovely folk song (and lullaby) from Salzburg circa 1865.


Long Read of the Day

Stop Thinking

Interesting little essay by Karl Schroeder.

Sample:

There’s a certain kind of person who only thinks by understanding. You probably know one or two. This is also how Large Language Models such as ChatGPT reason. They may seem creative, but are always drawing on already-established links between ideas (tokens, actually, in their giant lookup table). Spectacular though they may be, they only respond to prompts with connections that somebody already made; they are engines of understanding, not of what George considered the superior mode: reason.

Reason is not “thinking harder.” It is a fundamentally different mode of cognition, that recognizes and works through contradictions rather than trying to avoid or suppress them.

Where understanding sees fixed categories, reason uses systems thinking and sees problems holistically. It’s aware that issues arise from interdependent, evolutionary processes…

Which suggests that is the idea of ‘reasoning’ by LLMs might be a bit, er, problematic.


Books, etc.

I started reading Ian McEwen’s latest novel last night and am blown away by it. It provides a dystopian but riveting picture of what the world might be like when the catastrophic futures that we are currently piling up for ourselves come to pass, and the few future historians look back at our era. Here’s excerpt from a rave review in the New York Times:

Civilization as we know it ends. A pair of scholars in 2120, risking death from roving predatory gangs, travel across what’s left of England in search of a long-lost, epoch-making poem titled “A Corona for Vivien.” They are the last, it seems, historians alive.

This can sound like a bit much, and perhaps it is. But below and beyond these (mostly sly) surface machinations is a different sort of novel, a quite careful one. It’s about what biographers owe their subjects. It’s about the nature of history. It’s about letters, journals, emails and the other things we leave behind…


My commonplace booklet

Simon Kuper has a thoughtful and disturbing column in the weekend edition of the FT about the implications of democracies’ response to the way right-wing populists are astutely fanning the flames of anti-immigration rhetoric.

The thought was triggered by his observations of the kafala system in which migrant workers are treated in the Gulf states — as second-class citizens with few, if any, human rights. He sees an analogous system emerging in an ageing Europe that needs immigrants to staff sectors from cleaners to care but doesn’t want them.

”The new trend, as seen for instance in the UK, is to give immigrants time-limited visas for specific sectors, reduce their right to bring family members and make wait longer, decades, in some cases, before they can get permanent settlement.”

This internal contradiction — of ageing societies desperately needing immigrants while their governments (which must understand the contradiction, and presumably worry about it) — are nevertheless terrified of taking openly about it in public.


Feedback

The O Sole Mio trope is a gift that keeps giving. As in this from Andrew Brown (Whom God Preserve):

I too have heard O Sole Mio sung in a fake Venetian canal but by a Chinese fake gondolier in the Macau Venetian Casino. The whole place was a ghastly prefigurement of hell, or, if you like, being trapped inside a 3D model of a conversation with ChatGPT. (The gondolas have electric motors and move inside a tiny L shaped canal. In the adjoining room, the walls are painted with trompe l’oeuil shopfronts, and on the ceiling are projected scudding clouds.)


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Friday 19 December, 2025

His last resting place

W.B. Yeats’s grave in Drumcliff Churchyard, Co. Sligo. We always visit it when driving north or south on the N15. Despite the tourists it’s still a magical place, with Ben Bulben in the background.


Quote of the Day

”What’s the difference between a maths PhD and a large pizza? A large pizza can feed a family of four.”

  • A famous old joke about academia. Especially relevant nowadays.

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

HAIM | Down to be wrong

Link

Weird video, but catchy song.


Long Read of the Day

Why stablecoins – crypto for adults – have suddenly become a big deal

My recent Observer column

Why are stablecoins suddenly such a big deal? Because they are digital natives that sit comfortably on blockchains: shared digital ledgers that everyone can see and no one can secretly change, and which automatically keep a permanent record of every transaction. That means that they are useful for monetary transactions, especially of a cross-border kind.

These normally require wading through bureaucratic treacle involving banks that have to correspond with one another, payment processors such as Swift and paying fees to everyone along the way. In principle, stablecoins could bypass most of this. On a blockchain, for example, there are no opening hours. Anyone can send a transaction at any time that clears in minutes and no bank approval is required. In other words, stablecoins could transform any multistep international transfer into a single blockchain transaction at a very low cost. Which is why – eventually – a lot of international trade is likely to be conducted in stablecoins.

But which one(s)? At the moment, there are about 250 of them, and since everything that happens on digital networks eventually winds up as a monopoly or oligopoly, it’d be useful to know which coin is likely to become dominant in the next few decades…

Read on

NOTE. The Observer has recently introduced a paywall, which means that from now on the Web version of my column may be only fully available to subscribers. I’ve decided to follow a practice that some columnists on other papers (like Tim Harford on the FT) have adopted: to provide a copy of the column on their blogs a few days after its publication in the paper. If that’s of interest you can find a pdf of the above column here.


Books, etc.

Yesterday I gave a keynote address on “What Machines Don’t Know” to an AI conference in Cambridge yesterday. The Abstract for the talk reads:

Large Language Models are cultural technologies and, as such, moderately useful. But they (and those who build them) have two blind spots. One is their embodiment of a ludicrously narrow concept of ‘intelligence’. The other is the delusion that when one has ‘read’ everything that’s been written, one knows everything worth knowing.

When I was preparing the talk I dug out one of the most interesting books I’ve ever read — Howard Gardner’s 1983 book arguing that the idea of intelligence being measured by a single number is nuts: there’s a multiplicity of different intelligences — Linguistic, Musical, Logical-Mathematical, Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Emotional, etc.). And of course I also ranged over the question of what kind of knowledge is embodied in LLMs. (Answer: only knowledge that has been written down.) It was useful to be motivated to dig out Howard’s book, and refreshing to read the passages I was looking for. Sadly though, it was also an argument supporting my book-hoarding habit!


Feedback

From Michael Higgins on O Sole Mio(as featured in Wednesday’s edition):

I too have heard a gondolier singing that song – on a canal through the inside of a casino/shopping centre in Las Vegas. With the passengers restrained by seat-belts and warning sign about the water depth – 24 inches I think.


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Wednesday 17 December, 2025

Just One Cornetto

In the 1980s there was a memorable ad for Walls ice cream in which a Venetian gondolier sang “Just One Cornetto” to the tune of O Sole Mio. On my first visit to Venice, on a dark November day in 2008, I was walking on my own down a dark alley when I heard a man singing, and then turned a corner to find a Gondolier (not this one, alas: I didn’t have my camera with me) singing O sole Mio to two entranced American tourists.


Quote of the Day

”I think the ordinary is a very under-exploited aspect of our lives because it’s so familiar.”

  • Photographer Martin Parr, RIP

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

Luciano Pavarotti | O Sole Mio

Link


Long Read of the Day

11 thoughts on the NSS

James Crabtree’s interesting take on the US National Security Strategy document that is currently roiling European governments.

Samples:

  • The drafting process was chaotic. And it shows. From what I understand, an original much longer draft from the White House was junked entirely. Drafting was then handed to Michael Anton, a conservative thinker in the State Dept policy planning department (see below). Anton has since left the administration, but the final, much shorter draft — just 16 pages — was mostly his work. That is where all the civilizational language and harsh European rhetoric comes from.

And

  • The NSS is fundamentally economic in focus. “The future belongs to the makers,” as it says. Trump’s first NSS in 2017 centered on Russia and China with a big focus on “great power competition.” This version doesn’t even mention that, and Russia is pleased. Instead, it’s full of stuff about migration, re-industrialization, chips, critical minerals, energy dominance and so on.

The key thing to hold on to, perhaps, is that Trump is incapable of strategy. He just does what he thinks will enrich or popularise him at any particular moment.


Books, etc.

Just started on this biography of the Levi Strauss de nos jours. Unputdownable so far.


My commonplace booklet

The finance industry in a nutshell

Lending money where it’s needed is what the modern form of finance, for the most part, does not do. What modern finance does, for the most part, is gamble. It speculates on the movements of prices and makes bets on their direction. Here’s a way to think about it: you live in a community that is entirely self-sufficient but produces one cash crop a year, consisting of a hundred crates of mangoes. In advance of the harvest, because it’s helpful for you to get the money now and not later, you sell the future ownership of the mango crop to a broker, for a dollar a crate. The broker immediately sells the rights to the crop to a dealer who’s heard a rumour that thanks to bad weather mangoes are going to be scarce and therefore extra valuable, so he pays $1.10 a crate. A speculator on international commodity markets hears about the rumour and buys the future crop from him for $1.20. A specialist ‘momentum trader’, who picks up trends in markets and bets on their continuation (yes, they do exist), comes in and buys the mangoes for $1.30. A specialist contrarian trader (they exist too) picks up on the trend in prices, concludes that it’s unsustainable and short-sells the mangoes for $1.20. Other market participants pick up on the short-selling and bid the prices back down to $1.10 and then to $1. A further speculator hears that the weather this growing season is now predicted to be very favourable for mangoes, so the crop will be particularly abundant, and further shorts the price to 90 cents, at which point the original broker re-enters the market and buys back the mangoes, which causes their price to return to $1. At which point the mangoes are harvested and shipped off the island and sold on the retail market, where an actual customer buys the mangoes, say for $1.10 a crate.

Notice that the final transaction is the only one in which a real exchange takes place. You grew the mangoes and the customer bought them. Everything else was finance – speculation on the movement of prices. In between the time when they were your mangoes and the time when they became the customer’s mangoes, there were nine transactions. All of them amounted to a zero-sum activity. Some people made money and some lost it, and all of that cancelled out. No value was created in the process.

That’s finance. The total value of all the economic activity in the world is estimated at $105 trillion. That’s the mangoes. The value of the financial derivatives which arise from this activity – that’s the subsequent trading – is $667 trillion. That makes it the biggest business in the world. And in terms of the things it produces, that business is useless. It does nothing and adds no value. It is just one speculator betting against another and for every winner, on every single transaction, there is an exactly equivalent loser.

John Lanchester, London Review of Books

Fabulous writer.


Errata

From Robbie McKendrick:

A small correction, the article and video about the Maggie’s Cancer Support Centre in Dundee are actually STV’s, not Sky’s.

Apologies to Scottish Television.


This Blog is also available as an email three days a week. If you think that might suit you better, why not subscribe? One email on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays delivered to your inbox at 5am UK time. It’s free, and you can always unsubscribe if you conclude your inbox is full enough already!


Monday 15 December, 2025

Luma

This is the only one of Frank Gehry’s buildings that I’ve ever been in. It’s the Luma Centre in Arles. We were there on an unusually grey and damp day in 2024, and yet the building, with the wonderful internal spiral chutes, really lifted our spirits.


Quote of the Day

”Did you know that Mozart had no arms and no legs? I’ve seen statues of him on people’s pianos.”

  • Viktor Borge

An alternative to the morning’s radio news

John Field | Nocturne No. 9 in E Minor, H. 46 | Alice Sara Ott

Link

A little gem.


Long Read of the Day

The Creative Intuition of Frank Gehry

Transcript of an interesting conversation between the architect and Nathan Gardels of Noema magazine.

Sample:

Like others who think differently and come from outside the insider establishment, he rebelled against the custodians of proper and hallowed ways.

This was most evident in his early days through the deconstruction of his own staid Dutch colonial-style home in Santa Monica, whose façade he disrupted with jutting angles of glass, corrugated metal, plywood and chain-link fence. It was not pretty. But, as fellow architect Thom Mayne has commented, the use of inexpensive everyday materials in a city where properties easily go for $20 million was a critical statement about the house as a status symbol. Mayne thought the house was “very aggressive politically … using chain link is saying fuck you to marble.”

Living in Los Angeles, I crossed paths with Gehry several times over the years, including in some formal conversations for New Perspectives Quarterly, the journal I edited. We met for lunch once in the late 1990s to discuss the formidable roadblocks to getting the Disney Hall built.

Gehry drew one of his famous scribbled sketches on a restaurant napkin and told me his original idea was to sheath the building in stone, not metal, which created construction impediments. He railed against the aesthetic judgment of some members of the board overseeing the design, who were threatening to block funding. He seemed so convinced the project would never see the light of day that I threw away what would now be an immensely valuable sketch!

Remarkable man.


Books, etc.

I bought this years ago for £1 and over the years it was submerged under a pile of books. I came on it the other day while searching for something else and started to read his essay on Machiavelli and, well, you know what happened. Think of it as how to lose an entire afternoon.


Feedback

Euan Williamson reminded me that the only Frank Gehry building in the UK is Maggie’s Cancer Support Centre in Dundee. There’s a nice Sky TV news clip about it is here.


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Friday 12 December, 2025

Love locks

A gate in Venice, April 2017.


Quote of the Day

”The state of AI today feels a lot like the web in 1997 or mobile in 2007: we know this is big but we don’t know how any of it is going to work.”

  • Benedict Evans

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

The Traveling Wilburys | Handle With Care

Link


Long Read of the Day

Who was the foodie?

I’m not a foodie and never read books about food, and I’m consistently amazed by how much attention it gets in magazine and newspapers (including the one I write for). And I am pissed off when I find myself in a restaurant where the first thing other diners do when their food arrives is to Instagram it. And of course chefs now pandering to this obsession by producing dishes that look as if they have been constructed by microsurgeons. (My late lamented brother-in-law used to call this “starvation at £100 a plate”.) So you can perhaps see why I was riveted by Alicia Kennedy’s essay in The Yale Review: it made me think about things I’ve avoided thinking about for years.

The spur for the piece was the arrival of some new books on the subject.

Two books that landed on shelves this fall attempt to change this dynamic, rounding up the foodie troops and bringing rigor and research back to the fore. In All Consuming: Why We Eat the Way We Eat Now, Ruby Tandoh, former star of The Great British Bake Off, embraces the “we” of her subtitle to explain that “we” have all had our tastes controlled by media, whether traditional or social, to push “us” toward various trends in home and restaurant cooking. At the opposite end of the spectrum, in What to Eat Now, a newly updated version of her 2006 classic, Marion Nestle — author of Food Politics and originator of New York University’s Food Studies program—writes about how corporate consolidation, a government susceptible to industry lobbying, and poor economic conditions across the country drive people’s choices more than anything we see on our screens.

Taken together, these books model what we’ve lost and point toward reclaiming it. They go far beyond the globe-trotting travel and food porn we’ve come to scroll to ask deeper questions, such as why, despite food’s popularity on social media, on shows like The Bear, our understanding of where it comes from, and how it reaches our tables, is at an all-time low…

Hope you enjoy it as much as I did.


My commonplace booklet

12 essential building of Frank Gehry RIP.

Nice tribute to a great architect.

Link


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Wednesday 10 December, 2023

Miss Haughtiness Herself


Quote of the Day

”Santa Claus has the right idea – visit people only once a year.”

  • Viktor Borge

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

Bob Dylan | Song to Woody

Link


Long Read of the Day

Europe is under siege

Following on from Henry Farrell’s essay on Monday about the fact that the US is now an enemy of Europe, this long Substack post by Noah Smith spells out what could lie ahead for us. Europe, he argues, is currently under siege from three directions: Russia’s aggressive warfare; China’s expanding influence, support of Russia, and its matchless production capacity; and — potentially most critically — the US’s decreasing commitment to European interests.

Most Europeans (except for those in the Baltic States and Poland) probably think this kind of thinking is alarmist, or even hysterical. If so, Smith has an interesting way of waking them up:

How can Russia, a country of just 144 million people and $7 trillion in GDP (PPP), hope to overcome Europe, which has 520 million people and $33 trillion in GDP (including the UK), especially after Russia has expended so many of its young men and materiel in its war with Ukraine already? There are three answers here. The first is gray-zone warfare, including sabotage and political influence campaigns. But that’s only the beginning.

Russia’s second method for fighting Europe is what I call a “Ponzi empire” strategy. Russia has enslaved vast numbers of Ukrainians from the occupied regions of Ukraine to fight against the rest of their country. If Russia conquers the rest of Ukraine, it will similarly enslave the rest of the country’s population, and send them to fight against Poland, the Baltics, and Moldova. If they then defeat Poland, they will enslave the Poles and send them to fight against the next European target, and so on.

This is a very traditional Russian strategy. Enslaved Ukrainians were used to attack Poland in 1939. Enslaved Poles were forced to fight Russia’s wars in the days of the old Tsarist empire, and would have been forced to do so again as part of the Warsaw Pact. Just like zombies turn humans against their own, each slice of Europe that Russia can chop off ends up being turned against the rest.2

Russia’s final strategy for fighting Europe is to rely on Chinese assistance. Russia’s own industrial base is very weak, and relied heavily on imported European parts and machinery that has now been partially cut off. But Chinese tech has largely plugged that hole, as the Carnegie Endowment reports…

Anyone familiar with the history of Europe since 1900 will recognise the significance of Chinese support for Russia. The First and Second World Wars were won mainly because America was the world’s biggest manufacturer at the time. Its ability to build ships, tanks, aircraft and other military hardware on an astonishing scale was what made German defeat inevitable. But even if the US wanted to come to Europe’s aid in a future crisis, that manufacturing base has been hollowed out. China has replaced the US as the workshop of the world.


My commonplace booklet

 Revised Definitions of the Verb “To Google”

by Jessica Camargo on McSwiney’s Internet Tendency

  1. To look something up quickly and then spend twenty minutes fact-checking the AI summary, only to find out that it was absolutely wrong.

  2. To search for directions and two hours later end up with five items in your Amazon cart.

  3. To receive results as ten-second videos that present a sponsored product as the only possible answer to your question.

  4. To attempt to look up basic information about someone you recently met, you have to go through a sequence of “background check” sites, each showing a dramatic loading bar while it pretends to search. After fifteen minutes, it subtly suggests that criminal records may have been found, and you can view them now in exchange for a modest $24.95 monthly subscription…

It goes on. Click and growl about enshittification.


Linkblog

Something I noticed, while drinking from the Internet firehose.

  • The Land of Giants

Making only minor alterations to well established steel-framed tower design, we have created a series of towers that are powerful, solemn and variable. These iconic pylon-figures will become monuments in the landscape. Seeing the pylon-figures will become an unforgettable experience, elevating the towers to something more than merely a functional design of necessity.

Link


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Monday 8 December, 2025

On the road…

… in Burgundy, September 2012.


Quote of the Day

“Courage is the only virtue you can’t fake”.

  • Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

Pentangle | Goodbye Pork Pie Hat

Link


Long Read of the Day

 America has identified its greatest enemy: Western Europe

I can’t understand why European states continually fail to understand the implications of J.D. Vance’s speech to the Munich Security Conference. Which is why Henry Farrell’s latest essay on what the US National Security Strategy has become under Trump was so welcome. In it he distills what he learned from a recent closed-door, high-level conference he attended in Switzerland. And it’s salutary stuff.

Sample:

It has been clear for some while that the Trump administration has a … novel … understanding of America’s relationship with Europe. But it has not always been as clear as it ought be to European officials. These officials have often vacillated in response to previously unthinkable demands, sometimes making concessions, sometimes looking to preserve a little autonomy. Brief shocks (such as J.D. Vance’s speech at Munich) have not been sufficient to galvanize long term coherence.

[…]

The National Security Strategy declares that Europe is not just in economic decline, but faced with the prospect of “civilizational erasure.” The “European Union and other transnational bodies” are undermining “political liberty and sovereignty.” Europe is riddled with “censorship of free speech and suppression of political opposition.” It is led by “unstable minority governments, many of which trample on basic principles of democracy to suppress opposition.” Most fundamentally, Europe is being turned into a zone of “strife” by migration policies, so that it will be “unrecognizable” in two decades. Certain NATO members will become “majority non-European”and no longer reliable allies. It doesn’t take much sophistication to decipher what terms like “majority non-European” are intended to mean.

However, the NSS says, America “cannot afford to write Europe off.” Instead, it will work to foster what it calls “genuine democracy, freedom of expression and unapologetic celebrations of European nations’ individual nations’ character and history.” America “encourages its political allies in Europe to promote this revival of spirit, and the growing influence of patriotic European parties indeed gives cause for great optimism.” To help all this along, the NSS says that America will undertake actions which include “[c]ultivating resistance to Europe’s current trajectory within European nations” and “[b]uilding up the healthy nations of Central, Eastern, and Southern Europe through commercial ties, weapons sales, political collaboration, and cultural and educational exchanges.”

This is, quite straightforwardly, a program for regime change in Europe, aimed at turning it into an illiberal polity. Accomplishing this transformation would involve undermining existing liberal governments in cahoots with Europe’s own far right, and turning Eastern Europe into an ideological wedge against its Western neighbors…

When Russia invaded Ukraine I remember thinking that the post-war “holiday from history” that we Europeans have enjoyed is over. Not only is the US no longer a potential ally, it’s turning into an adversary. We’re into an entirely new game.


Books, etc.

Ever since I first read Yuval Noah Harari’s Sapiens I’ve had the thought that maybe we humans were’t such a good thing for the planet. Henry Gee, a palaeontologist, hammers this message home in his new book. I was first alerted to it by a splendid episode after listening to a Past, Present, Future episode in which he talks to David Runciman. The (only) cheery thought is that we may still have 10,000 years to go before we’re extinct.


My commonplace booklet

From Niall Ferguson, writing about the AI feeding frenzy. He’s reminded of the Dr Suess story in which Sam-I-Am is continually trying to sell ‘Green Eggs and Ham’ to people.

When you come to think of it, there is often someone called Sam trying to sell you something you don’t initially want. In the 1920s, as I learned from Andrew Ross Sorkin’s 1929: Inside the Greatest Crash in Wall Street History and How It Shattered a Nation, it was Sam Crowther’s article, “Everybody Ought to Be Rich” — exhorting housewives to buy stocks with margin credit.

Which reminds me, I need to read the Sorkin book.


Feedback

My use of the Frans Hal’s portrait of a wealthy Dutchman prompted Sheila Hayman (Whom God Preserve) to point me to an interesting commentaryon Dutch still-life painting.

“The skull,” she writes

is actually the least interesting and crudest symbol of it; the link goes into all the details but, crudely, flowers and fruit are often depicted in full bloom/on the point of decay, which is the signifier of mortality and the transience of life; insects on or in them, ’the worm in the bud’ , signify that no physical thing is without its flaw, and only the immortal can attain perfection; and scientific instruments, mirrors, etc signify the vanity and conceit of human ambition.

Everything in one of these elaborate paintings has a meaning, in addition to the technical virtuosity it displays.

The great thing about being a blogger, as I’ve often observed, is that you continually learn stuff from your readers.


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Friday 5 December, 2025

Memento mori

I’m writing a piece about what great wealth does to those who possess it. The context is the current crew of tech zillionaires in Silicon Valley and their pathetic obsessions with life extension or even ‘synthetic immortality’. And then I remembered Frans Hals’s 1612 portrait of a wealthy man of his time, with the skull signifying that nothing lasts forever. Carpe diem and all that.


Quote of the Day

”AI’s use by high-school and college students to complete written assignments, to ease or avoid the work of reading and writing, is a special case. It puts the process of deskilling at education’s core. To automate learning is to subvert learning.”

  • Nicholas Carr

Musical alternative to the morning’s radio news

Hot House Flowers | Lakes Of Ponchartrain

Link


Long Read of the Day

Tom Stoppard’s Ordinary Magic

Lovely tribute to a great playwright by Henry Oliver.

Stoppard’s genius was to make a confluence of the highbrow and the lowbrow. Jumpers is a satire of academic philosophy, written in the sort of dialogue critics inevitably call dazzlingly clever; but it contains a set of gymnasts, who make human pyramids on stage, and, at one point, the philosopher opens the door with half his face covered in shaving cream with a tortoise under his arm and a bow and arrow in his hand.

Such moments are the essence of farce, which demands the question: “how did we get here?”

Stoppard’s art is full of such moments, sometimes involving half-shaved philosophers and tortoises, sometimes moments of great beauty such as the head-spinning twists of Arcadia or the Joycean magic of Travesties, and sometimes with periods of true philosophy, as in Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead.

In these moments, the confluence of high and low is revealed as the essential structure of Stoppard’s work. We can never quite say what is farcical and what is serious…

Very nice piece.


Books, etc.

All the books Cory Doctorow reviewed in 2025

Córy Doctorow (Whom God Preserve) is both an inspiration and a cause of desperation to lesser beings. If you want to see why, cast an eye on his blog, his lectures, essays and novels. Or examine his list of what he read (and wrote about) in 2025. I often wonder when he sleeps, if indeed he does. The books I personally most regret not noticing from his current list are Ellen Ullman’s Close to the Machine: Technophilia and its Discontents and Ron Deibert’s Chasing Shadows: Cyber Espionage, Subversion and the Global Fight for Democracy. So you can perhaps guess what’s on my Xmas list.


Linkblog

Something I noticed, while drinking from the Internet firehose.

  • Simon Willison’s fascinating blog post comparing the energy consumption of a brief exchange with an LLM with that of watching a Netflix stream. He’s such a careful and open researcher.

Feedback

Thanks to Ian Clark, who pointed me to “the (disputed) antipodean origins of the flat white”.

Looks like yours had chocolate on top, which I believe is a no-no, but then almost anything goes these days I suppose.

Yep.


This Blog is also available as an email three days a week. If you think that might suit you better, why not subscribe? One email on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays delivered to your inbox at 5am UK time. It’s free, and you can always unsubscribe if you conclude your inbox is full enough already!